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Ben from California shares his story of lived experience of self-injury as a man, including how he views recovery and copes with significant scarring from self-harm wounds. Season 5 | Episode 59 Podcast/ Season 5 | Episode 59 Lived Experience: Ben's Story of Self-Injury Mar 28, 2025 Lived Experience: Ben's Story of Self-Injury 00:00 / 01:04 In this episode, Ben Moroski from Los Angeles, CA, shares his story of lived experience of self-injury that began at age 17 when he and his family found themselves in a religious cult. He articulately communicates therapeutic gems he has learned throughout his journey of recovery while remaining honest with how he manages persisting urges to self-harm. Watch his autobiographical solo one man play about his struggle with self-injury at https://vimeo.com/107909913 , and follow him on Instagram @bmoroski . Previous Next

Nancy Heath, PhD, from McGill University in Canada explains how schools can respond appropriately to students who engage in self-injury and self-harm. Season 1 | Episode 20 Podcast/ Season 1 | Episode 20 Self-Injury in Schools Dec 3, 2021 with Dr. Nancy Heath Self-Injury in Schools with Dr. Nancy Heath 00:00 / 01:04 How can schools appropriately respond to students who engage in nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI), whether the behavior occurs at home, on school grounds, or elsewhere? What protocols exist to support schools to better respond to students who self-injure? What role does liability play? In this episode, Dr. Nancy Heath of McGill University in Montreal, Canada explains how schools can support students who engage in self-injury and self-harm. Learn more about Dr. Heath's work here , and learn more about her work with the Development and Intrapersonal Resilience (DAIR) Research Team here . Learn more about the International Consortium on Self-Injury in Educational Settings (ICSES) at http://icsesgroup.org/ . Self-injury Outreach & Support (SiOS) offers resources for schools here and a list of do's and don'ts here . Visit SiOS at http://sioutreach.org and follow them on Facebook ( www.facebook.com/sioutreach ) and Twitter ( https://twitter.com/sioutreach ). Below are links to some of Dr. Heath's research as well as resources referenced in this episode: Hasking, P. A., Bloom, E., Lewis, S. P., & Baetens, I. (2020). Developing a policy, and professional development for school staff, to address and respond to nonsuicidal self-injury in schools . International Perspectives in Psychology: Research, Practice, Consultation, 9 (3), 176. Berger, E., Hasking, P., & Reupert, A. (2015). Developing a policy to address nonsuicidal self-injury in schools . Journal of School Health, 85 (9), 629-647. Lloyd-Richardson, E. E., Hasking, P., Lewis, S.P., Hamza, C., McAllister, M., Baetens, I., & Muehlenkamp, J. (2020). Addressing self-injury in schools, part 1: understanding nonsuicidal self-injury and the importance of respectful curiosity in supporting youth who engage in self-injury . NASN School Nurse, 35 (2), 92-98. Lloyd-Richardson, E. E., Hasking, P., Lewis, S.P., Hamza, C., McAllister, M., Baetens, I., & Muehlenkamp, J. (2020). Addressing self-injury in schools, part 2: how school nurses can help with supporting assessment, ongoing care, and referral for treatment . NASN School Nurse, 35 (2), 99-103. Lewis, S. P., Heath, N. L., Hasking, P. A., Hamza, C. A., Bloom, E. L., Lloyd-Richardson, E. E., & Whitlock, J. (2019). Advocacy for improved response to self-injury in schools: A call to action for school psychologists . Psychological Services, 17 (S1), 86–92. De Riggi, M. E., Moumne, S., Heath, N. L., & Lewis, S. P. (2017). Non-suicidal self-injury in our schools: a review and research-informed guidelines for school mental health professionals . Canadian Journal of School Psychology, 32 (2), 122-143. Whitlock, J. L., Baetens, I., Lloyd-Richardson, E., Hasking, P., Hamza, C., Lewis, S., Franz, P., & Robinson, K. (2018). Helping schools support caregivers of youth who self-injure: Considerations and recommendations . School Psychology International, 39 (3), 312-328. Hasking, P. A., Heath, N. L., Kaess, M., Lewis, S. P., Plener, P. L., Walsh, B. W., .Whitlock, J., & Wilson, M. S. (2016). Position paper for guiding response to non-suicidal self-injury in schools . School Psychology International, 37 (6), 644-663. Open access here . Book: Self-Injury in Youth: The Essential Guide to Assessment and Intervention (2008) by Drs. Mary Nixon & Nancy Heath Follow Dr. Westers on Instagram and Twitter (@DocWesters). To join ISSS, visit itriples.org and follow ISSS on Facebook and Twitter (@ITripleS). The Psychology of Self-Injury podcast has been rated #5 by Feedspot in their " Top 15 Clinical Psychology Podcasts You Must Follow in 2021 " and by Welp Magazine in their " 20 Best Injury Podcasts of 2021 ." Previous Next

2023 - 2024 Home / Collaborative Research Program / CANDI Validation in Youth Characteristics of nonsuicidal self-injury disorder in youth and psychometric evaluation of the Clinician-Administered Nonsuicidal Self-Injury Disorder Index Mentor/s: Johan Bjureberg 2024 - 2025 Project Overview Affiliation: Karolinska Institutet, Sweden Project description: Although NSSI usually debuts in adolescence, few studies have examined the full set of DSM-5 NSSID diagnostic criteria in youth. In this study, we will analyze the reliability and validity of the structured diagnostic interview Clinician-Administered NSSI Disorder Index (CANDI) and provide information on the clinical characteristics and features of DSM-5 NSSID in youth. Data on the internal consistency, factor structure, and construct validity of the CANDI and associated characteristics of NSSID will be analyzed in a clinical sample of youth (N = 166; (mean [SD] age, 15.0 [1.2] years; 154 [92.8%] female) with recent recurrent NSSI (≥5 days with NSSI the past year and ≥1 episode in the month). Participants and their caregivers completed self-report measures of NSSI characteristics, psychopathology, and emotion dysregulation, and clinicians assess diagnostic interviews of borderline personality disorder (SCID–II), common mental disorders (Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview), global functioning, and clinical severity. Applicants should have the following skills: Interest in psychometric evaluations and experience conducting literature search Junior research responsibilities: Conducting literature search, drafting the manuscript, and assist in data analysis Anticipated outcome(s) for junior researcher: Co-authorship on an academic peer-reviewed paper Time commitment: Approximately 1 day per week for 6 months Application Deadline: June 1, 2024 Apply Now

Why do people self-injure or self-harm? Especially when it seems to contradict our instinct for self-preservation? The simple answer is that for the majority of those who engage in nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI), it helps them to feel better; it’s a coping strategy. But of course, the answer is often more complex than that. Season 1 | Episode 1 Podcast/ Season 1 | Episode 1 Why Do People Self-Injure? Jan 1, 2021 with Dr. Nicholas Westers Why Do People Self-Injure? with Dr. Nicholas Westers 00:00 / 01:04 Self-injury does not reflect typical behavior, but it is also not uncommon. One in five adolescents across the globe reports having self-injured, and one in twenty adolescents in the United States reports having self-injured 6 or more times in the past 12 months. Self-injury isn’t limited to adolescents: 13% of young adults and 6% of adults also report having engaged in self-injury. But why? According to research, there are two primary categories: emotional reasons and social reasons. In this inaugural episode of The Psychology of Self-Injury, Dr. Nicholas Westers delves into these two categories and asks leading experts, an individual with lived experience of self-injury, and a parent of a teen who self-injures: "Why do people self-injure or self-harm?" Follow Dr. Westers on Instagram and Twitter (@DocWesters). To join ISSS, visit itriples.org and follow ISSS on Facebook and Twitter (@ITripleS). Previous Next

Kirsty Hird, PhD, from The Kids Research Institute Australia explains in depth why people self-injure or self-harm according to six specific theoretical models of nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI). Season 5 | Episode 62 Podcast/ Season 5 | Episode 62 Why Do People Self-Injure? Part 2 Jun 27, 2025 with Dr. Kirsty Hird Why Do People Self-Injure? Part 2 with Dr. Kirsty Hird 00:00 / 01:04 Dr. Kirsty Hird, a Research Officer in the Youth Mental Health team at The Kids Research Institute Australia, adds to Episode 1 of The Psychology of Self-Injury podcast by explaining in depth and in layman's terms why people self-injure according to the six most common/popular theoretical models. Connect with Dr. Hird on LinkedIn here , view her staff profile here , and follow her on ResearchGate here . Below are two of her papers related to today's interview as well as a few other resources referenced in this episode: Hird, K., Hasking, P., & Boyes, M. (2023). A comparison of the theoretical models of NSSI . In E.E. Lloyd-Richardson, I. Baetens, & J. Whitlock (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of nonsuicidal self-injury (pp. 24-40). Oxford University Press. Hird, K., Hasking, P., & Boyes, M. (2022). Relationships between outcome expectancies and non-suicidal self-injury: Moderating roles of emotion regulation difficulties and self-efficacy to resist self-injury . Archives of Suicide Research, 26 (4), 1688-1701. Gray, N., Uren, H., Pemberton, E., & Boyes, M. (2023). Profiling ambivalence in the context of nonsuicidal self-injury . Journal of Clinical Psychology, 79(8) , 1699-1712. Ramsey, W. A., Berlin, K. S., Del Conte, G., Lightsey, O. R., Schimmel-Bristow, A., Marks, L. R., & Strohmer, D. C. (2021). Targeting self-criticism in the treatment of nonsuicidal self-injury in dialectical behavior therapy for adolescents: a randomized clinical trial . Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 26 (4), 320-330. Gratz, K., & Tull, M. (2025). Acceptance-based emotion regulation therapy: A clinician’s guide to treating emotion dysregulation and self-destructive behaviors using an evidence-based therapy drawn from ACT and DBT . Harbinger Press. Below are links to the original 6 theoretical models discussed in this episode: Four Function Model - Nock, M. K., & Prinstein, M. J. (2004). A functional approach to the assessment of self-mutilative behavior . Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 72 (5), 885–890. Experiential Avoidance Model - Chapman, A. L., Gratz, K. L., & Brown, M. Z. (2006). Solving the puzzle of deliberate self-harm: The experiential avoidance model . Behaviour Research and Therapy, 44 (3), 371–394. Emotional Cascade Model - Selby, E. A., & Joiner, T. E. (2009). Cascades of emotion: The emergence of borderline personality disorder from emotional and behavioral dysregulation . Review of General Psychology, 13 (3), 219–229. Integrated Model - Nock, M. K. (2010). Self-injury . Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 6 (1), 339–363. Cognitive-Emotional Model - Hasking, P., Whitlock, J., Voon, D., & Rose, A. (2017). A cognitive-emotional model of NSSI: Using emotion regulation and cognitive processes to explain why people self-injure . Cognition and Emotion, 31 (8), 1543–1556. Barriers and Benefits Model - Hooley, J. M., & Franklin, J. C. (2018). Why do people hurt themselves? A new conceptual model of nonsuicidal self-injury . Clinical Psychological Science, 6 (3), 428–451. Previous Next

Marc Wilson, PhD, from Victoria University of Wellington in New Zealand shares about cross-cultural representations of self-injury and self-harm. Season 2 | Episode 24 Podcast/ Season 2 | Episode 24 Self-Harm Across Cultures, with Dr. Marc Wilson Apr 29, 2022 with Dr. Marc Wilson Self-Harm Across Cultures, with Dr. Marc Wilson with Dr. Marc Wilson 00:00 / 01:04 Are there countries, races, or ethnicities with higher or lower rates of self-injury? How prevalent is NSSI among indigenous peoples, and what role does culture play in the form, function, and meaning of self-injury? In this episode, Dr. Marc Wilson from Te Herenga Waka Victoria University of Wellington in Aotearoa New Zealand shares about cross-cultural representations of self-injury and self-harm. Learn more about Dr. Wilson and his work at https://people.wgtn.ac.nz/Marc.Wilson . Below are links to some of the research referenced in this episode: Sansone, R. A., Wiederman, M. W., & Sansone, L.A. (1998). The Self-Harm Inventory (SHI): development of a scale for identifying self-destructive behaviors and borderline personality disorder . Journal of Clinical Psychology, 54 (7), 973–983. Sansone, R. A., & Sansone, L. A. (2010). Measuring self-harm behavior with the Self-Harm Inventory . Psychiatry (Edgmont), 7 (4), 16-20. Gratz, K. L. (2001). Measurement of deliberate self-harm: Preliminary data on the Deliberate Self-Harm Inventory . Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 23 (4), 253-263. Monto, M. A., McRee, N., & Deryck, F. S. (2018). Nonsuicidal self-injury among a representative sample of US adolescents, 2015 . American Journal of Public Health, 108 , 1042-1048. Favazza, A. R. (2011). Bodies under siege: Self-mutilation, nonsuicidal self-injury, and body modification in culture and psychiatry (3rd ed.). Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press. Wilson, M. S. (in press). Cross-cultural representations of nonsuicidal self-injury. In E. E. Lloyd-Richardson, I. Baetens, & J. Whitlock (Eds.), The handbook of nonsuicidal self-injury . Oxford University Press. Follow Dr. Westers on Instagram and Twitter (@DocWesters). To join ISSS, visit itriples.org and follow ISSS on Facebook and Twitter (@ITripleS). The Psychology of Self-Injury podcast has been rated #5 by Feedspot in their " Best 20 Clinical Psychology Podcasts " and by Welp Magazine in their " 20 Best Injury Podcasts ." Previous Next

Who We Are Home / About It is a direct expression of thusness or this-moment-as-it-is - Seo, 2007 "Enso" is a Japanese word meaning circular form and is a symbol from Zen Buddhism that represents enlightenment, strength, connection, and imperfection (Seo, 2007). The enso was chosen as the symbol for ISSS because it reflects the imperfect, cyclical nature of life. Our Mission The mission of the International Society for the Study of Self-Injury (ISSS) and its members is to promote the understanding, prevention, and treatment of nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) and foster well-being among those with lived NSSI experience and those impacted by NSSI. To accomplish these aims, ISSS focuses its efforts on the following goals: Research Conduct and disseminate state-of-the art research to advance the understanding, assessment, treatment, and prevention of NSSI. Care & Support Develop, evaluate, and promote, and provide evidence-based care to advance clinical understanding of NSSI and its treatment across diverse settings. Outreach Engage in public outreach to improve knowledge of evidence-based prevention, assessment, and treatment options for NSSI. Connection Enhance networking, collaboration, and resource sharing among all stakeholders with an interest in improving the lives of people who engage in NSSI. Membership in ISSS is open to researchers, clinicians, students, people with lived experience with NSSI, advocates, and other stakeholders with an interest in improving the lives of people who engage in NSSI. Executive Board Open Positions Ready to join our leadership team? Click on each position to learn more and apply! Treasurer The Treasurer fulfils a crucial administrative role and is responsible for the receipt, custody, and disbursement of all funds and securities of ISSS. They are also responsible for all financial and security related records and communications. Representative at Large: Membership The Rep. at Large (Membership) ensures the growth, satisfaction, and active involvement of ISSS members. Through collaboration and outreach, the Membership RAL fosters and maintains a vibrant, engaged, and expanding community of members. Representative at Large: Social Media The Rep. at Large (Social Media) is responsible for the online presence of ISSS, promoting its mission, activities, and initiatives to stakeholders through consistent and creative engagement across social media platforms. Student Representative Student Representatives are critical members of the ISSS Executive Board. They serve as a liaison between student Members and the Board, advocating for student interests and cultivating community and connection among the student body. Meet the Leadership ISSS is led by a team of experts in the field and comprises researchers, clinicians, students, advocates, and most importantly, individuals with lived experience of self-injury. All members of the Executive Board are democratically elected by the ISSS Membership, with positions holding varying terms. Find open appointments and meet the team below! A/Prof. Nicholas Westers President Dr. Karl Tooher Secretary-Elect Jason Washburn, PhD Founding Treasurer Professor Stephen Lewis Chair of Strategic Planning Ruth Tatnell, PhD International Member at Large Professor Marc Wilson International Member at Large Brooke Ammermann, PhD Representative at Large Kaylee Kruzan, PhD Representative at Large Greg Lengel, PhD Chair of Media & Communications Michelle Hiner, MS Webmaster Michaela Ahrenholtz, MS Student Representative Professor Imke Baetens Past President Elizabeth Lloyd-Richardson, PhD Past President Our History From list-serve to leaders The International Society for the Study of Self-Injury was esta blished in 2006 by a group of passionate and curious researchers led by Janis Whitlo ck and Nancy Heath. Today, ISSS boasts more than100 members dedicated to our mission. Learn more below about how ISSS came to be the leading international organisation for the study of self-injury. Pre-ISSS In January of 2005, a year before the first ISSS meeting, the findings of the Adolescent Mental Health Initiative were disseminated in a book titled, Treating and Preventing Adolescent Mental Health Disorders: What We Know and What We Don’t Know . Although intended to summarize the state of the field in adolescent mental health disorders, the volume included no more than half of a page on nonsuicidal self-Injury (NSSI). The absence of NSSI in this volume largely r eflected its nominal presence in academic journals prior to this point. Despite its absence in the literature however, its growing presence in clinical and non-clinical settings had begun to command the attention of a small but increasing group of scholars from diverse disciplines. Although acquainted with each others’ work, there were few forums through which these scholars regularly, if ever, came together as a group. The First Meeting In response to this growing gap between the literature and field experience, Nancy Heath’s Research Team at McGill University initiated a list-serve for professionals interested in the study of self-injury. This was a means of encouraging communication among NSSI scholars within and outside of the US. Shortly after this, in 2006, Janis Whitlock and several colleagues from Cornell University invited a small group of NSSI researchers and treatment specialists to attend a meeting devoted to discussion of what we knew, what we needed to know, and strategies for building a larger field of research and collaboration. The opportunity for exchange created by the gathering was well received and very productive. By the end of the second day, the group had identified a name for the association and plans for continuing ISSS were set. By the group’s second meeting the following year, hosted by Nancy Heath at McGill, over 20 new collaborations had been formed and the group’s membership had swelled considerably. During the third year’s meeting, hosted by Matt Nock at Harvard University, the group collectively decided to begin the process of developing a formal charter and membership. By the fifth year, hosted by David Klonsky at Stony Brook University, we had appointed our first round of officers. The Organisation Today Today, we comprise over 100 members and are in our 17th year of research, care, outreach, and connection. ISSS hosts vibrant and intellectually stimulating annual meetings and fosters meaningful and productive collaborations. Although ISSS continues to expand, our commitment to improving the field of NSSI remains unchanged. Be part of an organisation dedicated to improving wellbeing and reducing stigma, join u s today .

Supports Resources / Supports Seeking Support is Self-Care There are a range of supports are available for individuals with lived experience of self-injury and for those who care about /for individuals who self-injure. We have put together a list of possible supports, including printable resource sheets, and links to organisations, advocacy and support groups, books, podcasts, and education. We acknowledge that people have different needs and find benefit in different types of suppo rt. The resources linked below include international charities, not-for-profit groups, work created by or in collaboration with ISSS members, registered charities, an d other resources and online spaces that may be helpful, interesting, or thought provoking. Note. While we have given each page a brief evaluation for appropriateness, the linked pages are not officially "endorsed" by ISSS and they may not be applicable to everyone. Support Type Title URL Education International Consortium on Self-Injury in Schools https://icsesgroup.org/ Online Support Self-Injury Outreach and Support https://sioutreach.org/ Education Shedding Light on Self-Injury https://www.self-injury.org.au/resource Advocacy To Write Love on Her Arms https://twloha.com/ Advocacy The Trevor Project https://www.thetrevorproject.org/ Advocacy Live Through This http://livethroughthis.org/ Podcast The Psychology of Self-Injury https://the-psychology-of-self-injury.simplecast.com/ Podcast Suicide 'n' Stuff https://suicide-n-stuff.com/ Podcast Before You Kill Yourself https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/before-you-kill-yourself/id1446501856 Podcast Psychodrama https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/psychodrama/id1504002821 Book Healing Self-Injury: A Compassionate Guide https://global.oup.com/academic/product/healing-self-injury-9780199391608?cc=us&lang=en& Online Support With Help Comes Hope http://lifelineforattemptsurvivors.org/ Online Support Now Matters Now https://www.nowmattersnow.org/ Online Support Self-Injury Recovery and Awareness https://www.thesira.org/

Local Chapters Collaboration / Local Chapters Local Collaborations with a Mission The ISSS Local Chapters is a new collaboration initiative fostering local connections within our international organization. The goal of these chapters is to facilitate local collaboration on research, clinical practice, reflection, and advocacy. Through these Chapters, we aim to promote innovation and impact through diverse connections that lead to improvements in the lives of those who have lived/living experience of self-injury. Below you can find active ISSS Local Chapters. If you don't see one in your area, consider starting one! Head to our contact form to let us know you are interested. Location Lead Contact Scandinavia Philip Ulstrup Hartvig phart@regionsjaelland.dk

Amy Lucas, PhD, from Speek Health in the United Kingdom talks about how we can support siblings of those who self-injure and self-harm. Season 4 | Episode 46 Podcast/ Season 4 | Episode 46 Supporting Siblings of Individuals Who Self-Harm Feb 23, 2024 with Dr. Amy Lucas Supporting Siblings of Individuals Who Self-Harm with Dr. Amy Lucas 00:00 / 01:04 In this episode, Dr. Amy Lucas from Speek Health in the United Kingdom talks about supporting siblings of those who engage in nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI). How can parents and caregivers of those who self-injure determine if they should share that information with siblings? What should parents do or say if they learn that the one self-injuring has made their siblings promise not to tell their parents about their self-injury? How might the sibling’s age influence these decisions and conversations, and what if parents are worried that a sibling will pick up the same behavior from their brother or sister who self-injures? Connect with Dr. Lucas on LinkedIn at www.linkedin.com/in/amyhlucas, and learn more about her work at Speek Health, a resource for parents and caregivers of individuals who self-harm, at lets-speek.com. Below is one of the few (and free) research articles about siblings of those who engage in NSSI: Tschan, T., Lüdtke, J., Schmid, M., & In-Albon, T. (2019). Sibling relationships of female adolescents with nonsuicidal self-injury disorder in comparison to a clinical and a nonclinical control group. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health, 13, 15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13034-019-0275-2 Previous Next

Stockholm, Sweden 2026 Conferences / 21st Annual Conference | Stockholm, Sweden 25th - 26th June, 2026 In 2026, we will host our 21st Annual International Conference in Stockholm, Sweden. Details The 2026 ISSS Conference will take place at Campus GIH (the Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences) in partnership with Karolinska Institutet in Stockholm, Sweden. The main program will run on June 25-26, with pre-conference events scheduled for June 24. Show More

Tattoo artist Elena from Illusions by Ink Studio in Irving, Texas, discusses paramedical tattooing and invites her client with lived experience of self-injury to share her experience with camouflage tattooing of her self-harm scars. Season 4 | Episode 56 Podcast/ Season 4 | Episode 56 Paramedical Tattooing for Self-Harm Scars, with Tattoo Artist Elena & Her Client Dec 27, 2024 Paramedical Tattooing for Self-Harm Scars, with Tattoo Artist Elena & Her Client 00:00 / 01:04 What is paramedical tattooing and scar camouflage and how is it different than other treatments for self-injury scars? Not everyone with lived experience of nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) wants or needs to address self-harm scars, but some may choose to reduce or get rid of them as part of their recovery journey. Elena from Illusions by Ink Studio ( https://illusionsbyinkstudio.com/ ) walks us through her approach to paramedical tattooing for self-injury. Her client "H" joins the conversation, sharing her experience as someone with lived experience of NSSI and why she chose this type of tattooing for her self-injury scars. Connect with Elena on Instagram @illusionsbyink_studio , on Facebook here , and on YouTube @Scarcamouflagetattoo . You can reach her at elena@illusionsbyinkstudio.com . Below are a couple papers referenced in this episode: Allroggen, M., Kleinrahm, R., Rau, T. A. D., Weninger, L., Ludolph, A. G., & Plener, P. L. (2014). Nonsuicidal self-injury and its relation to personality traits in medical students . The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 202 (4), 300-304. Plener, P. L., Brunner, R., Fegert, J. M., Groschwitz, R. C., In-Albon, T., Kaess, M., Kapusta, N. D., Resch, F., & Becker, K. (2016). Treating nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) in adolescents: consensus based German guidelines . Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health, 10 (46). Previous Next